Organizational Behavior An Organization - 1986 Words

According to (Robins Judge, 10th, p.2), Organizational Behavior studies the influence and impact that individuals, groups, and organizational structure have on behavior within an organization for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization s effectiveness. In the business world, Organizational Behavior is an important tool for managers to effectively manage their teams and aids in being able to understand and foresee employee behavior in the organization. It tells how organizations can be arranged to be more functional and how outside events and situations influence organizations. Today it has become more important than in previous years because organizations must be able to adapt to the quickly changing business cultures and needs that have stemmed from a competitive market. In order to be able to handle a new workforce, and handle the challenges of the new environment, the employers need to convey their message about behavior and attitude of groups, and individuals in the corporation. Soft skill abilities were never a piece of management preparation and it was valuable that businesses were prompted for having those aptitudes. In the event that business can comprehend on a worker s flexibility, identity, and imagination, motivating that employee the way he or she should be persuaded is never a hazy area and an ensured achievement. The learning and implementation of organizational behavior is one of the most substantial fundamentals in theShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1596 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Behavior Analysis Organizational behavior is vastly unique for each organization. Positive or negative behavior has far reaching effects on the internal and external environments. What elements helps develop the behavior of an organization? Organizational behavior is the main ingredient of all organizations, and can be the building block that rejoices successful, or screams failure. Elements such as the type of culture, form of communication, disposition of authority, motivationalRead MoreOrganization Behavior And Organizational Behavior1707 Words   |  7 PagesOrganization behavior including both individual and group, which take an important role on company’s performance, a good manager with high ability to manage the employees’ satisfaction and involvement could achieve a higher performance of the company. In recent years, most of companies used balanced scorecards to determine the companies’ goals to improve the performance, which including employee coaching and mentoring. I n this report, we will conduct the performance of a company with the interactionRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1521 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Behavior (OB) entails the study and usage of knowledge about how individuals, people, as well as groups function in organizations (Luthans Yousseff, 2007). Using a systematic approach, organizational behavior interprets people/organization relations in terms of the groups, individuals, entire organization, and social system. The main objective of organizational behavior is to help find or develop better relationships by attaining human objectives, social objectives and ultimatelyRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1054 Words   |  5 Pagestask of organizational structure is to encourage people to work hard and coordinate their effort to ensure a high level of organizational performance. To this effect the four key concepts that assistance in achieving the needed performance include understanding t he meaning of organizational behavior; individual differences; values, attitudes, and moods and emotions; perception and attribution, and the management of diversity. Organizational Behavior (OB) Defining organizational behavior to be aRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And The Organization1038 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant to understand what behavior and culture in an organization means in order to have a better understanding of the whole scenario. From this perspective, then a manager can better know how to incorporate what he or she knows and what the organization at large is comprised of. According to Borkowski, (2011), the definition provided states that â€Å"organizational behavior is the study of individuals and group’s dynamics within an organization setting† (p.3). Organizational culture on the other handRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And Organization Behavior2132 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction What is Organizational behavior? Prior to this course, I never known that much of what is organizational behavior an in which ways it can impact the organization. Over the course my knowledge about Organization Behavior has expanded. Organization behavior is the systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work. In this paper, I will discuss the behavior in an organization for which I was employed with for twoRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : Organization Behavior2093 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Organization behavior is the study and application of information regarding how an individual or group of people within an organization behaves. According to John Schermerhorn author of the book Organizational Behavior Twelfth Edition, organizational behavior is the key characteristic used to maintain and enhance interaction levels amongst employees within a company (Schermerhorn, 2011). There are additional characteristics such as leadership, openness to confer in relation to issuesRead MoreThe Organizational Behavior Of An Organization Essay2054 Words   |  9 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the organizational behavior of an organization. I will be analyzing and evaluating Crown Iron Works and providing recommendations of my findings. The success of an organization depends on its organization behavior which is the study of people, what people feel, think, and do in a company. (Elsbach, Kayes Kayes, 2015). Organizational Behavior is important to help organizations become more successful and efficient in running the company and adapting to changesRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : An Organization1754 Words   |  8 PagesOrganizational Behavior Scenario Applications It takes a team to run a successful organization. Managers all around are focusing on improving employee morale in the workplace because without dedicated and motivated employees, companies could not be successful. Managers that are running prosperous companies have the knowledge of Organizational Behavior. Organizational Behavior is the study of what people think, feel and do in and around organizations. Organizational Behavior influences employees motivationRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : Organization Behavior Analysis2021 Words   |  9 Pages Organizational Behavior Analysis BUS610: Organizational Behavior (NAB1431A) Instructor: Dr. Roberto Coto Angela Montgomery September 8, 2014 Organizational Behavior Analysis Abstract Organization behavior analysis is the study of information regarding an organization and its individual or group of people with their actions and performances within an organization. It is most important key feature which should be used to maintain and enhance interaction levels between

Sociology Within 1984 by Orwell Free Essays

Madeline LaRossa October 24, 2012 C07789454 Potential Outcomes of Progress: Orwell’s 1984 1) Summary of the Book 1984 is an eye-opening novel written by George Orwell. Orwell wrote the novel in 1949 to outline how he projected society would be in 1984 if progress continued upon its current track. Orwell published the book as a warning that society must be careful about progress for progress’s sake, or conditions could end up similar to the way society is in his work 1984. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology Within 1984 by Orwell or any similar topic only for you Order Now The novel is divided into three chapters, or books, each with multiple subunits, and these sections tell the story in chronological order. The book ends with an appendix on the principles of newspeak, the new language of Oceania. The novel follows Winston Smith’s experiences in London in 1984. Smith is a low-ranking member of â€Å"the Party,† the all-controlling ruling entity of their county Oceania. The Party (represented by Big Brother) has telescreens (two-way microphones and cameras) and spies everywhere with the purpose of finding and snuffing out anyone who is not fully and unquestioningly devoted to the Party. The citizens of Oceania are not allowed to own their own property, are not allowed any privacy (even in their thoughts), are not encouraged to have sexual desires, are forced to live under strict rations in constant wartimes, and are forced to alter their memories and records as The Party sees fit. The book focuses on Smith’s secret disobedience of the Party; he thinks he joins an underground resistance movement However, he is eventually captured and tortured into honest belief of everything that the Party and Big Brother claim and represent. 2) Summary of the Chapters The beginning of the first chapter takes place in April of 1984 and introduces the reader to the book’s protagonist, Winston Smith. Smith is coming home to his dilapidated apartment building (ironically called â€Å"Victory Mansions†) and reflects both on his troublesome varicose ulcer and on the large posters plastered everywhere, all advertising the same blown-up face and stating â€Å"Big Brother is Watching You. † The reader learns that although Smith is a low-ranking member of the Party, he is still under their oppressive control. Smith enters his apartment and sits in the alcove in his oom hidden from the telescreen; he proceeds to commit â€Å"thoughtcrime† by writing his true feelings against the Party in his secret diary. In the second and third parts of the chapter, Winston reflects on how there are spies everywhere searching for thoughtcrime and how a parent’s own child will turn him in. Winston thinks about his childhood and how the Part y has falsified historical records as they saw fit, even though Winston is not allowed to acknowledge or even be having these thoughts. Winston also reflects on a man named O’Brien, with whom he works and whom he suspects may also secretly question the Party as he does. In the middle of the first chapter, Smith goes to his job at the Party, where he falsifies old records in order to account for the Party constantly switching war enemies and eliminating questioning citizens. While at work, Winston hears an announcement from The Party stating that they are increasing rations, when Winston really knows that they are decreasing them. Winston observes how everyone believes this unquestioningly, but then wonders if he has given himself away when he realizes that a dark-haired woman has been watching him. When he goes home, Smith writes in his diary about how he would love to have a steamy sexual affair because the Party discourages sex for any means other than reproduction. In the close of the first chapter, Smith writes in his diary about how any hope for rebellion lies in the â€Å"proles,† the lowest class in Oceania, and a rumored secretive resistance group called â€Å"The Brotherhood. † Smith considers how bad the conditions are that everyone lives in, but then realizes that no one has any previous better conditions to compare it to, thanks to the Party altering all historical records. He writes about how he once had concrete evidence that the Party was lying about the past, and he repeats his suspicion that O’Brien shares his sentiments towards the Party. Winston eventually walks into the proles’ district and sneaks into a forbidden shop to buy a paperweight, a relic from the past. As he is leaving the store, he realizes that the same dark-haired girl is watching him and believes that she is a spy for the thought police, and that he has surely been found out and will be eliminated. The second chapter starts with the dark-haired girl slipping Smith a note at work saying that she loves him. The two eventually make secret plans to meet far out in the country, and Smith learns that her name is Julia. The two eventually do meet and have sex hidden out in the countryside, simply for the purpose of pleasure and defying the Party. Julia and Smith then return to their respective homes, thinking themselves undiscovered. Smith then rents a room above the shop where he previously bought the paperweight. Julia and Smith meet in the room whenever possible to have sex and share in the contraband food and drink they are able to obtain. As the citizens prepare for a large political movement supporting Oceania in its ever-going war, O’Brien makes contact with Smith and arranges a secret meeting between the two, confirming Smith’s suspicions about O’Brien’s disloyalty to the Party. Winston and Julia continue to meet in the room above the shop, and eventually, the two go together to meet O’Brien at his home. O’Brien turns off his telescreen (as he can do this since he is an upper-Party member) and enlists Smith and Julia in The Brotherhood’s secret efforts to overthrow the Party. O’Brien tells them that he will arrange to have The Brotherhood’s book of missions and truths delivered to Smith, and then bids them on their way. Smith does acquire the book, and the chapter ends with Smith and Julia reading it in their rented room. The book uncovers all of the Party’s lies and lectures on the Party’s ever-increased desire for complete control over all. The next morning, Julia and Smith realize that they have been found out by the Party’s thought police; the two are cornered in their room and restrained into custody. The last chapter opens with Smith locked up in the Ministry of Love, one of the Party’s three departments. Smith is originally still hopeful for the Brotherhood, but he then sees O’Brien there working for the Party; Smith realizes that O’Brien has actually been an undercover member of the Party’s thought police the whole time, and that the Brotherhood has never actually existed. O’Brien begins to torture Smith, trying to impress The Party’s ideals and principles into Smith. Smith initially resists, but after weeks of torture, he yields on all aspects of the Party and its teachings except for one: Smith still refuses to betray his feelings for Julia. Smith is transferred to more comfortable quarters in the department and is content for a while, until he accidentally reveals his prevailing love for Julia. O’Brien brings Smith to the infamous â€Å"Room 101,† where everyone is tortured with his or her worst fear. There, Smith is threatened with rats that will slowly eat him, so he finally renounces his love for Julia. At the very end of the last chapter, the story leaps to when Smith has been released back into society. Smith now honestly believes in everything that the Party does and represents and he respects them whole-heartedly. He runs into Julia by chance, but they both are now different people and go their separate ways. Smith eventually has a fleeting memory of his childhood but quickly dismisses it as a false memory, congratulating himself on his victory over himself and his unquestioning love for Big Brother. An appendix follows the last chapter of the book, explaining some of the vocabulary and grammatical structures of Oceania’s official language, New-speak. 3) Relation Between the Book and Class Materials Orwell’s 1984 holds great relevance to the topics we have recently covered in class. First of all, 1984 references, on several occasions, then tendency for people to get drawn into mass sentiments, doing things without knowing why they are doing them. In class, we referred to this as â€Å"collective behavior,† and defined it as â€Å"behavior that doesn’t involve that deliberate interpretation—instead we just get swept up and act as others are acting† (Weinstein, 2012). As an example, we discussed how people get swept up at a basketball game and react favorably simply because everyone around them is doing so, without specifically thinking about or analyzing it. We talked about how this can also lead to â€Å"circular reaction,† when a person reacts off of the person next to them, and then the person next to them reacts based on the original person, and so on, leading to amplification of the original reaction. 1984 touches on this concept several times. Early in the novel, the character Smith reflects on something called â€Å"the Two Minutes Hate,† in which everyone gathers once a day and simply hates and yells out against Oceania’s wartime enemy. Smith realizes that the mass hysteria of everyone around him can even change his own sentiments momentarily, as Orwell writes, â€Å"At those moments his secret loathing of Big Brother changed into adoration, and Big Brother seemed to tower up, like a rock against the hordes of Asia. . . † (Orwell 15). Later on in the book, Smith talks about how the uneducated Proles get swept up into moments of blind patriotism without really knowing or understanding what they are rooting for. Smith notices that â€Å"The poles, normally apathetic about the war, were being lashed into one of their periodical frenzies of patriotism† and realizes that the upper Party encourages this behavior in many slick ways, including propaganda and mind control (Orwell 149). Orwell yet again wants us to understand the dangers of this behavior as he writes â€Å"Times beyond number, at Party rallies and spontaneous demonstrations, she [Julia] had shouted at the top of her voice for the execution of people whose names she had never heard and in whose supposed crimes she had not the faintest belief† (Orwell 152). Orwell impresses upon the reader the importance of fighting this mindless behavior since this mindlessness can be very dangerous. We discussed in lecture how historically, people have often gotten swept up into mindless bureaucracy, doing things simply because everyone else is or because it is what they are used to doing or are told to do. We talked about how dangerous this could be— it can allow a bureaucracy to gain much more power than it ever should be able to, since its citizens do not question the things that the government does and implements, as occurs in 1984. Secondly, the attributes of progress and the ways technology influences it play a large role both in 1984 and in our class discussions. Early on in the work, 1984 overlaps some of the topics we have covered in class as Orwell references some of the various ways that â€Å"progress† is exhibited in a society; Orwell writes, â€Å"The Party claimed, for example, that today forty per cent of adult proles were literate; before the Revolution, it was said, the number had only been fifteen per cent. The Party claimed that the infant mortality rate was now only a hundred and sixty per thousand, whereas before the Revolution it had been three hundred. . . † (Orwell 74). Just as Orwell uses factors such as literacy rates and infant mortality rates to measure progress in society, we also learned in class that these can be important indicators of how a society is changing, as well as death rates and other statistics. Similar to how we learned in class that progress just for progress’s sake must be discouraged as it can lead to detrimental results, Orwell is warning against this very occurrence all through 1984. More specifically, Orwell warns against the dangers of excessive technological advancements: â€Å"Science and technology were developing at a prodigious speed, and it seemed natural to assume that they would go on developing. This failed to happen. . . partly because scientific and technical progress depend on the empirical habit of thought. . . As a whole the world is more primitive today than it was fifty years ago† (Orwell 189). Orwell later warns that technology can indeed ruin our private lives by allowing us to be constantly watched and submitted to endless propaganda. The character Smith reflects upon this when he says â€Å"Every citizen, or at least every citizen important enough to be worth watching, could be kept for twenty-four hours a day under the eyes of the police and in the sound of official propaganda. . . The possibility of enforcing not only complete obedience to the will of the State, but complete uniformity of opinion on all subjects, now existed for the first time† (Orwell 206). We discussed this very possibility in class when we talked about how citizens of today’s society are created technology that is smarter than us, and about how dangerous this could be towards the safety of our society in the case of a technological revolt. Professor Weinstein also pointed out how excessive technology can make it even easier for government can control us and gain power excessively; he pointed out that the government could be watching us right now through the webcams on our laptops and listening to us through our phones. Additionally, both our class lectures and 1984 reference aspects of a class system and a hierarchal society. First of all, when we discussed in class the characteristics of a bureaucracy, we talked about the concept of ascribed versus achieved statuses. We learned that in the family setting, a status is ascribed—a person is born into their position. However, in a bureaucracy such as that present in 1984, a status is instead something that must be worked for and earned—it is an achieved status. 1984 touches on this in the secret Brotherhood’s book, as the book lectures â€Å"In principle, membership in these three groups is not hereditary. The child of Inner Party parents is in theory not born into the Inner Party. Admission to either branch of the Party is by examination, taken at the age of sixteen† (Orwell 208). In lecture, we learned that since statuses are achieved in a bureaucracy instead of ascribed, the power of the status is held by the position itself, not the person that holds the position. In other words, we learned that in a bureaucracy, a person is simply filling a role that could be filled by anyone; if a person dies or no longer wishes to hold their position, it can quickly be filled by another person. People, or a policeman, for example, only hold power because of their uniform and job, not because of who they are on a personal, individual level. 1984 also teaches this concept; at one point, Julia is expressing how happy she is to finally escape her generic job position in the Party and instead simply be an individual woman as she exclaims, â€Å"In this room I’m going to be a woman, not a Party comrade† (Orwell 142). 4) Relation Between the Book and a Personal Experience 1984 and its teachings hold close relation to a personal experience I recently had. Last week, I had a huge assignment that I was trying to do for one of my classes. I settled in to start working on the paper, but then my phone rang. I picked up because it was my mother, and I ended up involved in a thirty minute conversation. I eventually hung up with my mother and returned to the paper, but soon after, I heard someone start talking to me from my computer! I soon realized that I had accidentally left my video messaging on on my computer, behind the screen on which I was writing the paper, and one of my friends had seen that I was online and started video chatting me. Since she had started the conversation, I was then obligated to hold a conversation with her in order to not be rude. All the while, I was distracted from working on my assignment. Once we finished talking and I turned off my chat program, I was tempted to check my email before I got back to my paper, but I realized that if I did, I may indeed never get to my paper. This showed me that technology certainly can be dangerous towards progress, not only on a large societal scale, but also as far as the simple task of writing my paper. All of the means of technology that my friends were using to contact me were simply invading my privacy while I was trying to concentrate and have a private evening to do an assignment. Reading 1984 only supported and increased my awareness of how distracting technology can be, and how dangerous and detrimental it can actually be in the grand scheme of progress. 5) Critique of the Novel 1984 has many positive aspects. I really enjoyed how Orwell used a fictional situation to teach readers and warn them against dangerous conditions rather than simply lecturing the readers about what they should and should not be doing. I liked this because even though a lecture-style presentation of material teaches important concepts, I feel that putting these concepts into a theoretical story helps the reader to remember the concepts and understand how they can be practically applied in real life. Although the ending is sad for the reader (as it extinguishes all hope that anyone could hold out against the Party’s mind control and excessive practices), I liked it because I thought it was important to drive Orwell’s teachings home. I felt that this ending was necessary because through the way things ended, Orwell showed that if society continued as it was in 1949, conditions would eventually get so bad that even the smartest individuals would not be able to undermine and revolt against the political entity, and there would be no hope. I feel that this was necessary because it shows just how important it was that people altered the path down which society was headed. I am hard-pressed to find anything that I dislike about Orwell’s work. At some points during the first half of the book, I wondered if Orwell’s long and detailed description of the conditions and unspoken rules of Oceania was really necessary, but as I read farther in the book, I realized that all of the descriptions were indeed necessary so that the reader would fully understand and grasp all of the terrors that were in store if society’s current track was not derailed. All in all, I really enjoyed this book, and it helped me to further understand many concepts that we discussed in lecture. When it was published in 1949, 1984 was, and remains as such now, an eye-opening warning of the way our lives will change if we ever allow our society and government to run away with itself by striving for progress simply for progress’s sake. Citations Orwell, George. 1984. New York: Penguin Group, 1949. Weinstein, Jay. Class Lecture. The Components of Change. University of Miami, Miami, Florida. 9 October 2012. Weinstein, Jay. Class Lecture. The Engines of Change. University of Miami, Miami, Florida. 16 October 2012. How to cite Sociology Within 1984 by Orwell, Papers

The Greeks Vs Their Gods In Hippolytus free essay sample

The Greeks Vs. Their Gods In Hippolytus Essay, Research Paper The Greeks vs. Their Supreme beings in Hippolytus The drama Hippolytus by the Grecian dramatist Euripides is one which explores classical Greek faith. Throughout the drama, the influence of the Gods on the actions of the characters is apparent, particularly when Aphrodite affects the actions of Phaedra. Besides cardinal to the secret plan is the god-god interactions between Artemis and Aphrodite. In this essay, I hope to supply replies to how the actions of Hippolytus and Phaedra relate to the Gods, whether or non the characters concern themselves with the reaction of the Gods to their behaviour, what the characters anticipate from the Gods, how the Gods treat the worlds, and whether or non the Gods gain anything from doing the worlds suffer. Before we can discourse the drama, nevertheless, a few footings need to be defined. Most of import would be the nature of the Gods. They have Godhead powers, but what precisely makes the Grecian Gods unique should be explored. The Grecian Gods, since they are anthropomorphous, have many of the same features as worlds. One feature of the Gods which is evident is jealousy. Aphrodite seems to be covetous of Artemis because Hippolytus worships Artemis as the greatest of all Gods, while he tends to shy away from idolizing Aphrodite ( 10-16 ) . This is of import because it sets in gesture the actions of the drama when Aphrodite decides to acquire retaliation on Hippolytus. The Godhead relationship between the Gods is a spot different, nevertheless. Over the class of the drama, Artemis does non interfere in the actions of Aphrodite, which shows that the Gods, while Godhead, do hold limitations ; in this instance, it shows the Gods can non interfere with each other. ( 1328-1330 ) The Gods are sometimes evil and vindictive, though, as can seen by what Artemis has to state about Aphrodite: # 8220 ; I? ll delay boulder clay she loves a person following clip, and with this manus # 8211 ; with these inerrable pointers I? ll punish him. # 8221 ; ( 1420-1422 ) The relationship of world and the Gods besides needs to be discussed. This relationship seems to be a kind of discussion relationship, in portion. The Greeks believed that if they gave to the Gods, through supplication and forfeits, that the Gods would assist them out. This is particularly true of Hippolytus and his about inordinate worship of Artemis. Besides, Theseus praying to his male parent Poseidon is another illustration of this, merely Theseus really gets what he prays for. ( 887-890 ) Merely because world worshipped the Gods, nevertheless did non intend that the Gods had any kind of duty to assist out the worlds. Artemis did nil to protect Hippolytus from being killed. But non all dealingss between the Gods and world were positive from the worlds? point of view. Since Aphrodite is angry with Hippolytus for non idolizing her, she decides to penalize him by doing Phaedra love him, so doing it look that he colzas her, when she really hangs herself, whether that is through her ain actions or is the making of Aphrodite. The ideas and actions of Hippolytus and Phaedra surely are irrational at times. After all, a stepmother falling in love with her stepson is improbable, but likely even less acceptable. This is straight related to the Gods. What Aphrodite does to Phaedra surely causes her to make some unusual things. For case, first Phaedra seems to travel brainsick, and so she decides to conceal her new-found love for Hippolytus from the nurse. Later, though, she decides to state the nurse, and when she finds that the nurse has told Hippolytus, decides that the lone logical class of action is to kill herself. This action is surely related to the Gods because Aphrodite makes it look as if Phaedra? s self-destruction is truly the mistake of Hippolytus. Some of Hippolytus? actions are related to the Gods every bit good. When Theseus discovers that Phaedra is dead and decides to expatriate Hippolytus, Hippolytus does object to his ostracism, but finally he stops reasoning with his male parent. At this point, he prays to the Gods that he be killed in expatriate if he is guilty of the decease of Phaedra. It is besides possible he may be anticipating Artemis to assist him out, though she does nil until he is on the brink of decease. The characters do worry about how the Gods react to them at times. Hippolytus does non look to concern himself much with how Aphrodite reacts to his behaviour. At the beginning of the drama, the old adult male inquiries Hippolytus? determination non to idolize Aphrodite, but Hippolytus truly does non worry that he may be doing Aphrodite angry. He does care how Artemis reacts, nevertheless, because he is trusting to maintain her happy so that she may assist him out if he should necessitate it. Theseus surely concerns himself with how the Gods react, since he needs Poseidon to direct a bull to travel kill his boy. At the terminal of the drama he does care what Artemis has to state about him killing his boy. He believes that he should be the one to decease, though Artemis is able to convert him that he was fooled by the Gods. Phaedra, on the other manus, truly is in no place to care much about how the Gods respond to what she does. This is because she is under the control of Aphrodite. Aphrodite makes her love Hippolytus, it certain ly is non of her ain free will. Equally far as what the characters expect from their Gods, it varies by individual. Theseus, being the boy of Poseidon, was purportedly given three expletives by his male parent, and he expects Poseidon to assist him out and kill Hippolytus. ( 887-889 ) Hippolytus neer truly expects anything specific from Artemis during the drama, but he does state the Gods that he should dice in expatriate if he is guilty of the colza of Phaedra. Even as he is death, he does non anticipate Artemis to assist him. Interestingly, he even apologizes to his male parent and to Artemis for doing them to endure because of his decease. Phaedra wishes that her judgement had non be interfered with by the Aphrodite, because she is the 1 who caused Phaedra to fall in love with Hippolytus. The Gods dainty human beings more or less as pawns to make with as they please. It seems like it is all a game to them. In Hippolytus, it is game of retaliation between Aphrodite and Artemis. Aphrodite interferes in the life of Hippolytus, person loved by Artemis, so Artemis vows to take retaliation on Aphrodite to revenge the decease of Hippolytus. Despite the fact that he worships her above all others, she still does non assist him out throughout the full drama. This indicates that Artemis may non attention for him every bit much as we are led to believe. She says she would take retaliation, but there is no warrant it will go on. From this, we can see that the Gods frequently did non handle the worlds really good. In a manner, Poseidon dainties Theseus good by allowing his want for the decease of Hippolytus. This joy is ephemeral, nevertheless, when he discovers that he has been fooled by the fast ones of Aphrodite. Why the Gods would handle the worlds this manner is a slightly complicated inquiry. An easy reply would be that they have the power to make to the worlds what the please. But there are other grounds as good. For case, the subject of retaliation plays a major function in the secret plan. The actions of Aphrodite against Hippolytus are motivated by retaliation. The Gods, at least in Hippolytus, are non malicious and desiring worlds to endure for no good ground. Therefore, the most of import ground for Gods handling worlds the manner they do is that they are responding to the actions of worlds ; this is particularly true of Aphrodite? s reaction to Hippolytus? s failure to worship her. The Gods must deduce something from the agony of the worlds ; otherwise there is no point in doing them endure. In this instance, the Gods derive both sorrow and joy from the agony of the characters. Aphrodite surely is happy that Hippolytus suffered and died through her ain actions, and that she causes Theseus to endure every bit good by taking his boy off. On the other manus, she likely does non care much that she besides caused the decease of Phaedra. Phaedra merely serves as a pawn to acquire retaliation on Hippolytus. Aphrodite merely cares to penalize Hippolytus, and she would hold used Phaedra in whatever capacity necessary to acquire that retaliation. Artemis, nevertheless, is saddened by the loss of Hippolytus: # 8220 ; You and I are the main sick persons Theseus. # 8221 ; ( 1337 ) Because of this, she vows to revenge Hippolytus? decease, and besides tells him that he will non be forgotten by future coevalss of Greeks, that his name will live on in glorification. Interestingly, Hippolytus wis able to forgive his male parent even though his male parent caused his decease. That should non be surprising, because he realizes that his male parent was fooled by the Gods, and being an irrational homo, could non truly be expected to cognize he was being tricked. Besides, Artemis does non fault Theseus for the decease of his boy: # 8220 ; It is natural for work forces to mistake when they are blinded by gods. # 8221 ; ( 1433-1434 ) The most of import thing that the stoping shows is that sometimes the Gods do care what happens to the worlds. It besides shows how easy the power of the Gods, peculiarly that of Poseidon, could be misused because Theseus gets what he prays for, the decease of his boy, but it is non truly what he wanted. Two major subjects are present in Hippolytus: retaliation and forgiveness. About the full secret plan of the drama is based on retaliation. There is the retaliation between Gods and worlds, and worlds and worlds. Initially, we hold Aphrodite desiring retaliation on Hippolytus for idolizing Artemis and non her, which of class sets in gesture the actions of the drama. Then we have the retaliation of Theseus against Hippolytus, when he believes that his boy raped his married woman and killed her. This does non stop up as retaliation, nevertheless, as Theseus finally suffers as a consequence of his boy? s decease. One concluding signifier of retaliation comes at the terminal of the drama, when Artemis vows to revenge the decease of Hippolytus by interfering with a human loved by Aphrodite. It is all a barbarous rhythm of retaliation. This same narrative could really easy go on once more if Artemis does revenge his decease. Besides, forgiveness is an of import subject. Even though his male parent is responsible for his decease, Hippolytus is however able to forgive him. This comes from the realisation that his male parent had been deceived by the Gods. In the terminal, this proves one time once more that the Greeks were at the clemency of their Gods and that they had to seek to populate their life the best they could in malice of that fact.